Apparatus for the construction of supports for buildings and other structures.



. J'. B. GOLDSBOBOUGH. APPARATUS TOR THU CONSTRUCTION OT SUPPORTS TOR BUILDINGS AND OTHER STRUCTURES. APPLICATION FILED APR. 9. 1910.

gpa Eatented Dec. 2'?, 19N.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1,

Lf". B. GQLDSBGROUGH. STRUQTIGN OP SUPPQRTS FOR BUILDINGS AND OTHER STRUCTURES.

AFPARLTUS FOR THE CON APPLICATION FILED APR. 9

Paamed Dec. 27, 1910.

4 ma @d NTU 4 BHBETS-BHBET 2.

J. B. GGLDSBOROUGH.

APPARATUS TUR THT. CONSTRUUTIUN 0T SUPPORTS TOR BUILDINGS AND OTHER STRUCTURES.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 9. 1910.

(L SHEETS-SHEET 3.

a" M d Patented Dec. 27, 1910.

J.. B. GQLDSBORQUGE. THE CONSTRUCTION 0F SUPPORTS POB BUILDINGS .AND OTHER STRUCTURES APPARATUS FOR AIPPLIOATION FILED APR. 9. 1910. QY@

atsnte Dec. 2?, i919.

SHBBT-BEEET 4.

3 we when low foundation ttlhlltiill JOHN BYRON GOLDSBORGUGH, F CROTON,

NING COMPANY, OF NEW @Si AJENT NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE UNDERPN- YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATON OF NEW 'YDRJL i APPARATUS Fon 'Inn ooNsTnUc'rre-u or sorronrs Fon BUILDINGS AND oiiinnv STRUCTURES.

Original application filed March 19, 1809, Serial No. 484,499.

Specioation of Letters Patent.

To all who-m it may concern:

le it linou'n that l, JoiiN BYRON Gomis oouoioii, a citi/:en of the United States, residing' at (roton.y iu the county of lifestchester vented certain iieiiiind useful improvements in Apparatus for the Construction ofiSup ports: for Buildings and other Structures, of ii'hich the following is a full. clear,` and exact specilication.

lliis intention relates generallyv to the construction of supports' for buildings, building walls, and other structures, particularly toithat type of .such supports wherein holelezncn'ts are employed to support such structures, and it will be found to be available in connection with the method of :sinking auch fouinlation elements set out in the Breuchaud latent, No. 503,130, dated June 3f), lenti. lt may also be cuiployed in connection with hollow founda tion elements, whether sunk by the Breucliaud method or not. lt may also be einn ployed in connection with such hollow foundation elements, whether sunk under an existing; wall to support. the saine, or sunk preliminary to the erection of any structure as a foundatiini for afneii structure.

My invention is therefore equally available for use in connection with a new support or foundation for an alreadyrrccted structure, or for use in connection with a support or foundation upon which a new structure is to be erected.

The invention has for its object to provide an apparatus whereby the footing andi-,onseqiiently the supporting power of such. hollow foundation elementeA may be increased, Whether the saine be deep or shallow, and thereby to enable a smaller foundation element to be sunk, which will take less time and cause less friction and expense than if a large foundation clement were sunk, and' .to give it the bearing or support-ing power of such larger element.; further, that I ani enabled to obtain all the advantages of a deep foundation Without the loss of time and expense usually incident to such foundation.

A further object is to enable the hearing or supportingpoii'ei.' of `foundation ciments -and State ol' New York, have in to beniade substantially uniform, Whether Patented Dec. 27, i916.

Divided and this application filed April 9, Serial No. 554,419.

they are the saine or of different'l diameters in crosssection, to the saine dep and ii'hether loaded, and ther portant advantage and whethcrthey are sunk th or to different depths,

they are equally or iinequally cby I accomplish the iinthat the resistance -of `the foundation to settlement, etc., is equalized,

and in case of a settlcn'ient of the foundation, all partstlicreof will settle equally and liability to resistance of the foundaA tion to settling unequal, the walls would be cracked and inolished.

il farther obje it enables ine to tion for a Without the or liaiitpan.

possibly the. structure deet of my invention is that provide a siitiicient foundabuilding', no matter hoiv heavy, necessity of going to bedrock ift further object of my present invention .that it enables inc to increase the supporting;- power of a` hollow foundation element,

without. increasing cated at desired points throughout the` length of such foundation, whereby I am; enabled to take full having substantial its size, by means loadrantage of any strata bearingl power through which such foundation may pass and ain not compelled to dep for support.

of iny present my former end upon the base thereof the invention forming the subjcctinatter application` is a division of application, Serial No. 484,499,

filed )ilarch 19, 1909.

By nient,7

the terni l intend foundations as may be located round or square,l or of caissons, or other and Whether the gral,

hollow foundation eleto include all such hollow in the earth, other shape and whether the said founi itself, is the sole support., trengthened by a filling of brick, etc., and Whether styled cylinders, columns, name be applied thereto, sinne be sectional or inte- These and other objects Which-infill' appear as the the the use of the i Figure l is a s description proceeds, I attain by method hereinafter described, and b pparatus illustrated in the accompanying' 'di' awitigs whereiny ectional elevationof a hol- Gti lfm' foundation "mpg my e3iei'xflev ppm-is projeeling ieialljf iiiio me Soil L om beim-een adjmeeot see-tions Quid ioun 'iluiiom Wliiel-i leere eem exited as n reeuiziwaie ou per ijf illeel Wili Coneieie.

ee oi om he iiiie of il u View eoiiesponcliiig to io i. ilioemtiugg; my invention applied io ollrmv 'muixflaion elemeii in `iilie form of seeioiel eyliifl'. the extemlefl ooiiige 1g leeinlly 'from between adjacent if iis a. pieu vierv oi'Fig. E.

5 a similari view to Figi'. iliusmt ing the manner of arranging lie plates in a greater area. Fig. G is a section on the iiifie 6-#6 of a, Fig. i a'giileiiil View of e eloeuie foi ille Slots in .e Tylincler employed in Fie'. 5. Fig. 8 is f1" C' iil of 'alle exteiioecl footing of Fig. o., sepeieiely. Fig. 9 is is. View Similaiio l, illiismiig moiiillerl iorin of e efi ooti'iie; -liig'. l() ie a top 'View wi il, 'pelis being omitted.

Tile ineiffieuiei ioiii o foundation elei'oem, is noe impoiienito pieeeit inve-1i iion, sfn'e'in so es Re: it 'is moet oon- 'viai'iiemx 'io apply my exonclecl ooiiigs in connection will. hollow column oi' caisson. No? is my present invention iimitefl by iie manner of eonstrueing suoli founiii'ion element. ete. seetioii- The same may be simil ally by the resisiiaiiee furnished ,oy ille weight o2 ehe :ileicly-eieoe Well, as in' the said BH ielmud paeiie, oi' they may be sunk in the Usual mziimei o eoistrneing foundetion caissons oy "the use oi added Weights.

'The pneumatic process may be employed Wlieie .advisable in sinking suol-i foundation elemens. or e wneoje, may be used.

i-Vlieie my ejofgemus employed in conpoit ehe load.v le heil. ook 'reqiienly mei willi oeyat :i iiepili, il; is Very expensive eflious to be compelled co cli-ive the 'oumioiion so im: ii". liowevei, lie 'oimdaion elei'ueniie wp sioibio lied i'oeir, foi* insieme `n Semi. illey mit theo have e. supporting power which is ineieiisefl es 'Ehe S21-nii is climinisheil in looming power; in the supposed, igf' euml Wee ello-veil o Carey e. load foul'A ione io the square ooie eiipporiing power equal to that iiiunislieci by :i oumiaiion of iwenij'ffive square feet would be ieqiiired. it would probably be impossible to sini: :i foundation of this size by the resistance of the Well io e safe depth. But by my invention die foimclaion iieeil be no larger than ireeliiiie Co fumieli the iieefled strei'igtli, end the supporting power can be increased as iequii'eil, and theiefoie a mueli smaller oumleioii stopped at :L point above che nel iocl where the same is et e gieat flep'tli. .iy exiended euppoiting-plates may be used in eases Where it is not feasible io exeevae "oeiow the footing; foiinsteiiee, in Wet soil, quieksancl, Wliieli, nevei'tlieless, has considerable supporting power when coiiiinecl so it may not flow freely.

Bioacliy my invention consists in ille employmentoi eziemlecl and extensible 'footiiige whieli are. inserted in place ufte: the supporliiig; 'ounaioii is sunk and which ae placed ai an ioeiiiecliee point in the length illeieo iii the :accompanying low foundation eiemen i, illustrated in Figs. l, 2, 9, amil i07 as a rectangular caisson, and in 3, Li, 5i, aifl S, as a cylinder. T eaeii cese is composed of superposed eeoioiie in ille usual We?.

clrewinge elle hol serieel in place beiweeii adjzieeni Sections of lie hollow foundation elenieiiis atei they areeunii, and to provie Space beweeii such Seoiions While liey are being sunk for the leiter reception o suoli supyorting-plates. it may be desirable that the usual peeking employefl between adjacent sections should oe of suciemb liielmess so that when ienioveil ii;- Will p covifle space foi' the supportingplates 'when the ounclaioii is sunk to e proper depth; oi if the hollow foundation element is not sectional but integiel, 'the supporting-plaies may loe inserted to place through sloie formed in die sides thereof. The said supporfingj-plaies being located in posisioii, are ooed 'laiemlly into the soil from Wilim ille hollow iouodetion. The

method whereby this is accomplished forms part of the inveniioii of my said applieetioii Serial No. 484,499. it may conveiiie'iiy be accomplished by means of a jack, which em piojo inemaisson sie o buiiiress sind mces 'the supporiog-plae ioo die soil. Stiiiops may be eiiiploye'l,` owing io ille limited space, to connect lie jnoi and supportingpiae and permi lieir oveilapping. ihe said Suppoiing-plates lim-fing been exfemied Suilleieiily iiio the Soil, are Secured at lieii inner eindeT as shown in. l, i5, 3 5, ami .Sby being bolted beweeo the inwardly- ;orojeetiiig flanges 3, on ediaeefi sections. @wing to the great Voi-Licei pi'eseue on time Selci suppoiing-plaes, it is preferable io bricey them and provide support for iheii may be employed, and it inw" Safely bev The exiende eiigporiing-plates 2', are inn elO outer endl in Ieonie way, und l have illus trated iereml warf: in whirh this may he aeetnnpliehetl. thus in Fie'. t ure illu truted the enxpioyineut olI hrueen (L whieh are 'projected ditigonallj,Y through the. unile ot the foundation l. and engage at their outer ends in stoleI T torinetfl in the upper surface et' the ysupporting-plate The side-pipes nier he pertoratei'l un Shown. as a eonrenient way ot' iuirodneing (Qi-out, it' desiret'l. around the plate 2. ain to ('onsolltlute and etrenztftlufn tluI foil. hutV this ie, not ensentiul. rthe inner end ot' ljnaee 5. has nn enlarged head. whieh in einlwt'lded in the eoneret'e Fitline' it, ot the Yfoundation element', where .une i@ se titled, which eli'eetunlly seeuree the :faid lnfaee and extended :nippoitin; late agairsit, n'ioi'einent relutire to the foundation. Tl e hrare is longer and hu 4 ite4 inner end heid wefurely hf.' a hloel; ttl, timed a( 'wt inortnnent in th.. foundation. The aut :irre-e L and t, are ehown in one ture tot* ernnnnienee, but need not he employed together.

in Fi e. ik i` 1,3. und t5. the Supporting-plate I.)` ifs tornird with u nel li` whirl is at right thereto. and is prel'erahly formed inwrewih and extends; substantially to 'i einer edge. This provides a hraee for the snippet-tinn-plate oft' freut Strength and rigidity. hel employmentretpiires an opening. an; slots lf2: in the wall of the hollow i'ountlzition element for the reception or" the wel)rand` il desired. as for instunee, when eiiiiltinjff' th(l foundation element through water-hearing-strata, the opening' muy he Sealed tu' a :aiitahle rlosure. as for instance, a slidinti nnnnlnr nieniher 12%, which will rover the doin when lowered as in Fig. T, and will dinetoeie then when raised.

in ities. :intl l hare illustrated a ninnnor of :tmiz'itisl the nifl U'Cl-ll'ztee Vll'. ab' hb the uw 'it' i. hzufln-ts li. whirh nre ioz'atetl one at envi; si le ot" the inner end o'l' ,ei-:iid wel) and are Leeoured thereto h r holte4 panning; thrt'nigh the three platen. and which hrneliets are then hoil'ed to the inner surface ol. the 't'oundation element.

ln rasee where the foundation eleinent is to he filled with eonerete or similar filling, l may empio).r an inner limiting-plate Yl5.

titi

Stil.

` which is Secured to the '.fnid weh, pmleruhly hv heine intr: lral therewith7 und which rests against the. u der wnll oit' the foundation element and therefore shaped to tit the saine, heini; tint for a reetangulzir foundation and curved in Fin'. 8"), for a eyliiulrieal ytoun- 1 galet i'eetually support the weh and hold the plattl i again inoren'ienl relative to .the tonndntion.

Figs. i and (3 also illuniraie the employinent of the supportingplates 2, without the web und l:earing-plate.v in the saine t'orni shown in Fig. l, and to distinnuieh theee l'roni the other Supporting-plutes in Fig. tn l will letter one. ot' thein 2X l`he are. however.y the aine kind o1" snpporting-plates, the only tliti'erenee heiligl in the manner otI brueinn'. Plate@` 2^, areueetul in eonneetion with cylindricalfoundatioimmne Siu-hheingshown in Fig. G, and are foreed into the soil hen ath adjacent henriiig-plateel 2. und nre t'or the purpose of closing` the spares hetween the outer parte4 thereof and thereby ot inereasing the supporting eurtfaee. 'lhey are hraeed by the super-posed portions ot' the adjacentplates` und their inner endsl lie between the llnnges 2S and l, and below the supporting'- plates L, and are seein-ed hy the holte thnt unite those parts. Y

ln Figs. t) and lO. is illustrated a nioditied forni otE extended stipportingplate, eoneist 'ing of a curved-plate lt',7 whieh is inserted in u eurredslot 17, formed between adjacent sections of the. hollow foundation element. or in the wall thereof, and driven out'. by a jack 18, aotfinzg against. resistant-,e ot' n hlotzlr lf), situated under thune-es 2U, and pressingy downward on a hloeli 2l. and thereby toi-eine; plete 1 out. This plate iti, n niy he innintained in ponition while it is being;` driven hy block,` 2;), 22". Afterv the plate lo. in driven to position.` it inay he l) 'aeed by pipe-brace@I 24, perforated for grouting' purposes, which are inserted through openings in the wall of the foundation element.7 and afterward neeuretl .in position hy plates or caps 2.5, screwed to the Said walls. The plnt'es lt, have heads 20g to prevent their panning outthe eurred slot in the wellsI7 also to hruee the. sante und Support then when the hollow 'foundation is lilled with eontfi'ete.

`'l`lie menstruation illustrated in Figs. t) and lO n|u he adVantageouely eniployed in soule eases in inverted position; that is. so that the curved-platee tti` hoolt into the earth as a parachute hooks into the air. B V the use olf thin eurved-plate a longer plate cnn he plaeed 1n position than would he possible it' a straight plate were used. This t'orin ot my invention. when used in the armure! lnent of f and 10, muy be as useful for the iuulerpinning and securing' otl tunnels, hoth Isuhterianean and suh-nqueous, an it is to the support of buildings` und I intend to include such tunnets in theterni other structures in the elainis.- It is known that such tunnels, when driven bellow rivers, frequently through necessity are driven through unstable soil but .ill-adapted to support a tunnel structure and maintain it' in stable conditiono and that such tunnel structuree,

A tinted in r While they may need support to prevent sini:- ing, also frequently need support, to prevent their rising. n the lutter the oundnn tion elements, 91' es theymay then be more properlyy termed, anchors-f need only be sunk a soliti-cient depth to secure tirrn nieterinl, and this use the construction illus- L5, Si, and 9, und other figures may he employed, In ease Fig. 9 is eniployed, it muy be inverted, in which case the braces 24, should be screw-threaded at their outer ends and tapped into the extended iootings ld, to resist a pulling rather than :i pushing strain. The great advantage of this *foundation 'that by its use buildings may b supported upon :i smaller foundation und the supportingplutes muy be extended into the soil between any-desired number ofsections or :it any desiredlplaee, so that. ezoli foundation element muy have its supporting-pletes positioned et nur desired loestion, recording to soil.l1 ete.. und therebyv the total supporting power ot' the foundation element my be greatly increz'tsed and the tenderingT lo settlingy through um; future disturbance nl ti minimized-` owing to the toot that suoli disturlmnee will not grofmiblgV atleet more thon one level und the supporting-pluies will lie ut aerei this ineens buildings ot any "u: /lit muy be cheaply und solely supported on what would otherwise be unstable materiel., or where the eherzieter ot the son is'sueh tlm@ the ol securing :L foundation bj: the pra ut methods oit open excavation or enissons is `prollibitive. lesirable building sites ure rende d un :l Ysilnble owing to e lligfli eosts prJsent methods ot buildi y tiel-'ls to rook or to a emisidernble (lilith in or through rinato riul en unstable elleruoter. and' the method herein deseribed intend to overeoine these obstacles.

`n advantage of my invention that the forcing out ot the extended 'lootings tends to 'oinpress und conso ,date the soil through und into which tney ere forcedj tlierebw increasing the bearingJ power of the soil end decreasing its liabilityY to permit settlement.

The foregoing presents particular embodiments of nly inventoin whicln however may be modified -witliin the usuel skill oiqtlie en- 2f zineer Without departing from' the principle thereof.

lli'liutl eluiln und torseenre hf. ,Leo .ters Patent is:

Y l. A sujnpmti tor :i hollow structure com' tions, und perlnnnentlj und rioidly held in suoli position by beingnttnened to such strurture.

A. support, for u building or other n'ienently seeming said extended supports in place. i

3. supporti-tor a building or other structure, Comprising hollow foundation element7 and extended supports therefor projected laterally into the soil from Within seid foundation at a point orfpoints intermediate of the top and bottom of seid foundation, and braces for rigidljy7 and per manently holding said extended supports in position. i l

A support for a building or other structure, eornirisinglp a hollow foundation eleinent, und extended supports therefor consisting of platesprojected laterally into the soil from Within seid foundation et a point or point-s intermediate of the top and boo toni ot seid foundation, and means for rigidly and permanently holding seid extended supports in place.

t lsupport for a building vor other structurep comprising e hollow foundation element and extended supports tb ueor consisting of pletes 'projected laterally into the soil troni Within seid foundation el, s point or points intermediate of the said top and lottozn ot said foundation, und braces for rigidly and permanently holding seid plates in position, engaging said plates outside the foundation, and anoliorsges Jor seid brunes nt their inner ends.

t3. A support for a building for otlier nently bracing such extended supports in position.

7. A support for ev building or other structure, Comprising n hollow foundation element composed of superimposed sections, extended supports therefor projecting laterally into the adjacent soil'or` material from 'Within such foundation und between such sections, and braces for rigidly and penna* nently holding such extended Asupports in position.

8. A support for a building or other structure, comprising a hollow foundation element composed ot' superimposed sections, extended supports therefor comprising plates extending' laterally into the adjacentsoil or material from within such foundation and having their inner ends connected between the joints of adjacent setiong and means for rigidly und permanently bracing seid plates in position,

9. A support for a building or other structure, comprisin a hollow, foundation element composed oi superimposed sections, extended supports therefor comprising plates extending laterally into the adjacent soil or material from Within such foundation and having their inner ends connected between the joints of adjacent sections, and braces for rigidly and permanently holding said plates against displacement relative to said foundation engaging said piates outv side the foundation, and anchorages for said braces at their inner ends.

l0. A support for a building or other structure, comprisin a hollow foundation element, and exten ed supports therefor comprising a curved-plate projected laterally into the soil or said foundation at mediate the top and bottom thereof, and

said foundation at a my bend in material from Within' a point or points intermeans for rigidly and permanently bracing said platein position.

l1. A support for a building or other structure, comprisin Y element and extened supports therefor, comprising a curved-plate projected interally into'the soil or material frein Within mediate thetop and bottom thereof, and a brace for permanently and rigidly holdingr seid plate yin position, and anchorages for said brace in said plate and said foundation element. In Witness whereof have hereunto set the presence of two subscribing Witnesses. A v

JOEE BYRQN GOLDSBOROUGE Witnesses: t

5ms Ron/LEY BRUCHAUD,

MARTIN B. MEAGHER.

a hollow foundation point or 'points inten' 

